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<blockquote data-quote="Allen" data-source="post: 288218" data-attributes="member: 389">Not sure I quite understand the question, the above schematic is for a &quot;closed system&quot; and with such I am not aware of a &quot;release plume&quot; of heat or other water quality concerns.&nbsp; There are other, mostly older systems, that simply pumped water up from depth and used it once before discharging it into either an otherwise natural body of water (river or lake).&nbsp; Those systems aren't in vogue nowadays because they &quot;waste&quot; water from an aquifer and add it to either a nearby river, the storm water system, or maybe even the sanitary sewer system. Most groundwater permitting agencies now take a dim view of this. In particular, there are quite a few large buildings in Minneapolis/St Paul that use the open style geothermal and their state agencies have been regretting the loss of water from the local aquifer for some time.&nbsp; Tough to encourage them to stop though once they have the sunken costs associated with the open ended geothermal heating and cooling. I am not aware of any open style geothermal systems in use around ND.- - - Updated - - -Yeah, it's a conceptual diagram, not an engineering blueprint. Lots of the cost for geothermal gets wrapped up in the dirt work, at least that's my take on it.</blockquote>

[QUOTE="Allen, post: 288218, member: 389"] Not sure I quite understand the question, the above schematic is for a "closed system" and with such I am not aware of a "release plume" of heat or other water quality concerns. There are other, mostly older systems, that simply pumped water up from depth and used it once before discharging it into either an otherwise natural body of water (river or lake). Those systems aren't in vogue nowadays because they "waste" water from an aquifer and add it to either a nearby river, the storm water system, or maybe even the sanitary sewer system. Most groundwater permitting agencies now take a dim view of this. In particular, there are quite a few large buildings in Minneapolis/St Paul that use the open style geothermal and their state agencies have been regretting the loss of water from the local aquifer for some time. Tough to encourage them to stop though once they have the sunken costs associated with the open ended geothermal heating and cooling. I am not aware of any open style geothermal systems in use around ND. [COLOR="silver"][SIZE=1]- - - Updated - - -[/SIZE][/COLOR] Yeah, it's a conceptual diagram, not an engineering blueprint. Lots of the cost for geothermal gets wrapped up in the dirt work, at least that's my take on it. [/QUOTE]

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