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<blockquote data-quote="pluckem" data-source="post: 246477" data-attributes="member: 843"><p><strong><span style="font-size: 18px">U.S. Forest Service </span></strong></p><p><strong><span style="font-size: 18px">Briefing Paper </span></strong></p><p><strong><span style="font-size: 18px"></span><span style="font-size: 12px">Date: </span></strong></p><p><strong><span style="font-size: 12px"></span></strong>[FONT=Times New Roman,Times New Roman PSMT]<span style="font-size: 12px">[FONT=Times New Roman,Times New Roman PSMT]<span style="font-size: 12px">February 15, 2017 </span>[/FONT]</span>[/FONT]</p><p>[FONT=Times New Roman,Times New Roman PSMT]<span style="font-size: 12px">[FONT=Times New Roman,Times New Roman PSMT][/FONT]</span>[/FONT]<strong><span style="font-size: 12px">Topic: </span></strong></p><p><strong><span style="font-size: 12px"></span></strong>[FONT=Times New Roman,Times New Roman PSMT]<span style="font-size: 12px">[FONT=Times New Roman,Times New Roman PSMT]<span style="font-size: 12px">Electric Bicycles (E-bikes) </span>[/FONT]</span>[/FONT]</p><p>[FONT=Times New Roman,Times New Roman PSMT]<span style="font-size: 12px">[FONT=Times New Roman,Times New Roman PSMT][/FONT]</span>[/FONT]<strong><span style="font-size: 12px">Issue: </span></strong></p><p><strong><span style="font-size: 12px"></span></strong>[FONT=Times New Roman,Times New Roman PSMT]<span style="font-size: 12px">[FONT=Times New Roman,Times New Roman PSMT]<span style="font-size: 12px">Classification of E-bikes Under the Travel Management Rule (TMR) </span>[/FONT]</span>[/FONT]</p><p>[FONT=Times New Roman,Times New Roman PSMT]<span style="font-size: 12px">[FONT=Times New Roman,Times New Roman PSMT][/FONT]</span>[/FONT]<strong><span style="font-size: 12px">Summary/Key Points </span></strong></p><p><strong><span style="font-size: 12px"></span></strong><span style="font-size: 12px"> - [FONT=Times New Roman,Times New Roman PSMT]<span style="font-size: 12px">[FONT=Times New Roman,Times New Roman PSMT]<span style="font-size: 12px">E-bikes are motorized bicycles. </span>[/FONT]</span>[/FONT]</span></p><p><span style="font-size: 12px"></span>[FONT=Times New Roman,Times New Roman PSMT]<span style="font-size: 12px">[FONT=Times New Roman,Times New Roman PSMT]<span style="font-size: 12px"> - E-bikes are growing in popularity, and their design and capabilities are rapidly changing. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="font-size: 12px"> - E-bikes travel at speeds of 20 to 28 mph, compared to pedestrians and non-motorized bicycles, which typically travel at speeds ranging from 3 to 10 mph. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="font-size: 12px"> - The Forest Service is monitoring new technologies, visitor access and safety, social and sustainability issues, and natural resource effects associated with e-bike use on NFS roads and NFS trails. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="font-size: 12px"> - The TMR defines "motor vehicle" as "any vehicle which is self-propelled, other than (1) a vehicle operated on rails; and (2) any wheelchair or mobility device, including one that is battery-powered, that is designed solely for use by a mobility-impaired person for locomotion, and that is suitable for use in an indoor pedestrian area." 36 CFR 212.1. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="font-size: 12px"> - This definition is consistent with the definition for a "wheelchair" in federal wilderness in section 508(c)(2) of the Americans With Disabilities Act, 42 U.S.C. 12207(c)(2). </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="font-size: 12px"> - E-bikes do not meet either exception to the definition of a motor vehicle in the TMR. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="font-size: 12px"> - Consistent with 36 CFR 212.1, the Forest Service is managing e-bikes as motor vehicles. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="font-size: 12px"> - The International Mountain Bike Association regards e-bikes as motorized devices. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="font-size: 12px"> - The Bureau of Land Management, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Federal Highway Administration, and the nations of Canada, Australia, Europe, and South Africa regard e-bikes as motor vehicles. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="font-size: 12px"> - The National Park Service has not made a determination regarding e-bikes. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="font-size: 12px"> - Under the TMR, e-bikes may be ridden where motor vehicles are allowed, including on National Forest System (NFS) roads open to all vehicles; NFS trails open to all vehicles; NFS trails open to vehicles 50 inches or less; NFS trails open to motorcycles only; and NFS trails open to e-bikes as a special designation. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="font-size: 12px"> - The Forest Service will use the information obtained from monitoring to reassess and, if needed, adjust guidance for designating the use of e-bikes on NFS roads and NFS trails. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="font-size: 12px"></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="font-size: 12px"></span>[/FONT]</span>[/FONT]<strong><span style="font-size: 12px">Background </span></strong></p><p><strong><span style="font-size: 12px"></span></strong>[FONT=Times New Roman,Times New Roman PSMT]<span style="font-size: 12px">[FONT=Times New Roman,Times New Roman PSMT]<span style="font-size: 12px">E-bikes have been available for years overseas and were first used by commuters on roadways in Europe. There are two basic types of e-bikes, pedal-assist and throttle-twist. On pedal-assist e-bikes, the motor does not have to be on the entire time the bicycle is being ridden and can be activated by pedaling to augment human power. Throttle-twist e-bikes are activated by twisting the handle grip to propel the bike with or without pedaling. In addition to a motor, e-bikes have a battery and a controller to operate specific options. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="font-size: 12px"></span>[/FONT]</span>[/FONT]<strong><span style="font-size: 12px"></span></strong></p><p><strong><span style="font-size: 12px">Contacts: </span></strong></p><p><strong><span style="font-size: 12px"></span></strong>[FONT=Times New Roman,Times New Roman PSMT]<span style="font-size: 12px">[FONT=Times New Roman,Times New Roman PSMT]<span style="font-size: 12px">Penny Wu, Travel Management Program Manager, <a href="mailto:pwu@fs.fed.us">pwu@fs.fed.us</a>; Jaime Schmidt, Trails Program Manager, <a href="mailto:jtschmidt@fs.fed.us">jtschmidt@fs.fed.us</a>; Janet Zeller, Accessibility Program Manager, <a href="mailto:jzeller@fs.fed.us">jzeller@fs.fed.us</a>. </span>[/FONT]</span>[/FONT]</p><p>[FONT=Times New Roman,Times New Roman PSMT]<span style="font-size: 12px">[FONT=Times New Roman,Times New Roman PSMT][/FONT]</span>[/FONT]</p></blockquote><p></p>
[QUOTE="pluckem, post: 246477, member: 843"] [B][SIZE=5]U.S. Forest Service [/SIZE][/B] [B][SIZE=5]Briefing Paper [/SIZE][SIZE=3]Date: [/SIZE][/B][SIZE=3][/SIZE][FONT=Times New Roman,Times New Roman PSMT][SIZE=3][FONT=Times New Roman,Times New Roman PSMT][SIZE=3]February 15, 2017 [/SIZE][/FONT][/SIZE][/FONT] [FONT=Times New Roman,Times New Roman PSMT][SIZE=3][FONT=Times New Roman,Times New Roman PSMT][SIZE=3][/SIZE][/FONT][/SIZE][/FONT][B][SIZE=3]Topic: [/SIZE][/B][SIZE=3][/SIZE][FONT=Times New Roman,Times New Roman PSMT][SIZE=3][FONT=Times New Roman,Times New Roman PSMT][SIZE=3]Electric Bicycles (E-bikes) [/SIZE][/FONT][/SIZE][/FONT] [FONT=Times New Roman,Times New Roman PSMT][SIZE=3][FONT=Times New Roman,Times New Roman PSMT][SIZE=3][/SIZE][/FONT][/SIZE][/FONT][B][SIZE=3]Issue: [/SIZE][/B][SIZE=3][/SIZE][FONT=Times New Roman,Times New Roman PSMT][SIZE=3][FONT=Times New Roman,Times New Roman PSMT][SIZE=3]Classification of E-bikes Under the Travel Management Rule (TMR) [/SIZE][/FONT][/SIZE][/FONT] [FONT=Times New Roman,Times New Roman PSMT][SIZE=3][FONT=Times New Roman,Times New Roman PSMT][SIZE=3][/SIZE][/FONT][/SIZE][/FONT][B][SIZE=3]Summary/Key Points [/SIZE][/B][SIZE=3] - [FONT=Times New Roman,Times New Roman PSMT][SIZE=3][FONT=Times New Roman,Times New Roman PSMT][SIZE=3]E-bikes are motorized bicycles. [/SIZE][/FONT][/SIZE][/FONT] [/SIZE][FONT=Times New Roman,Times New Roman PSMT][SIZE=3][FONT=Times New Roman,Times New Roman PSMT][SIZE=3] - E-bikes are growing in popularity, and their design and capabilities are rapidly changing. - E-bikes travel at speeds of 20 to 28 mph, compared to pedestrians and non-motorized bicycles, which typically travel at speeds ranging from 3 to 10 mph. - The Forest Service is monitoring new technologies, visitor access and safety, social and sustainability issues, and natural resource effects associated with e-bike use on NFS roads and NFS trails. - The TMR defines "motor vehicle" as "any vehicle which is self-propelled, other than (1) a vehicle operated on rails; and (2) any wheelchair or mobility device, including one that is battery-powered, that is designed solely for use by a mobility-impaired person for locomotion, and that is suitable for use in an indoor pedestrian area." 36 CFR 212.1. - This definition is consistent with the definition for a "wheelchair" in federal wilderness in section 508(c)(2) of the Americans With Disabilities Act, 42 U.S.C. 12207(c)(2). - E-bikes do not meet either exception to the definition of a motor vehicle in the TMR. - Consistent with 36 CFR 212.1, the Forest Service is managing e-bikes as motor vehicles. - The International Mountain Bike Association regards e-bikes as motorized devices. - The Bureau of Land Management, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Federal Highway Administration, and the nations of Canada, Australia, Europe, and South Africa regard e-bikes as motor vehicles. - The National Park Service has not made a determination regarding e-bikes. - Under the TMR, e-bikes may be ridden where motor vehicles are allowed, including on National Forest System (NFS) roads open to all vehicles; NFS trails open to all vehicles; NFS trails open to vehicles 50 inches or less; NFS trails open to motorcycles only; and NFS trails open to e-bikes as a special designation. - The Forest Service will use the information obtained from monitoring to reassess and, if needed, adjust guidance for designating the use of e-bikes on NFS roads and NFS trails. [/SIZE][/FONT][/SIZE][/FONT][B][SIZE=3]Background [/SIZE][/B][SIZE=3][/SIZE][FONT=Times New Roman,Times New Roman PSMT][SIZE=3][FONT=Times New Roman,Times New Roman PSMT][SIZE=3]E-bikes have been available for years overseas and were first used by commuters on roadways in Europe. There are two basic types of e-bikes, pedal-assist and throttle-twist. On pedal-assist e-bikes, the motor does not have to be on the entire time the bicycle is being ridden and can be activated by pedaling to augment human power. Throttle-twist e-bikes are activated by twisting the handle grip to propel the bike with or without pedaling. In addition to a motor, e-bikes have a battery and a controller to operate specific options. [/SIZE][/FONT][/SIZE][/FONT][B][SIZE=3] Contacts: [/SIZE][/B][FONT=Times New Roman,Times New Roman PSMT][SIZE=3][FONT=Times New Roman,Times New Roman PSMT][SIZE=3]Penny Wu, Travel Management Program Manager, [email]pwu@fs.fed.us[/email]; Jaime Schmidt, Trails Program Manager, [email]jtschmidt@fs.fed.us[/email]; Janet Zeller, Accessibility Program Manager, [email]jzeller@fs.fed.us[/email]. [/SIZE][/FONT][/SIZE][/FONT] [FONT=Times New Roman,Times New Roman PSMT][SIZE=3][FONT=Times New Roman,Times New Roman PSMT][SIZE=3][/SIZE][/FONT][/SIZE][/FONT] [/QUOTE]
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