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Message: <blockquote data-quote="Obi-Wan" data-source="post: 231609" data-attributes="member: 709"><p>I believe the law is on the landowners side for accidents unless he does something intentional like placing a rock in the middle of a section line</p><p></p><p><strong><span style="font-family: 'Arial-BoldMT'">CHAPTER 32-47</span></strong></p><p><strong><span style="font-family: 'Arial-BoldMT'"></span><span style="font-family: 'Arial-BoldMT'"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="font-family: 'Arial-BoldMT'"><span style="font-size: 12px">LANDOWNER IMMUNITY FOR TRESPASSER INJURY</span></span></span></span></strong></p><p><strong><span style="font-family: 'Arial-BoldMT'"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="font-family: 'Arial-BoldMT'"><span style="font-size: 12px">32-47-01. Duty of care to trespasser.</span></span></span></span></strong></p><p><strong><span style="font-family: 'Arial-BoldMT'"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="font-family: 'Arial-BoldMT'"><span style="font-size: 12px"></span></span></span></span></strong><span style="font-family: 'ArialMT'"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="font-family: 'ArialMT'"><span style="font-size: 12px">A possessor of land, including an owner, lessee, or other occupant, does not owe a duty of</span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'ArialMT'"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="font-family: 'ArialMT'"><span style="font-size: 12px">care to a trespasser and is not subject to liability for any injury to a trespasser.</span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'ArialMT'"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="font-family: 'ArialMT'"><span style="font-size: 12px"></span></span></span></span><strong><span style="font-family: 'Arial-BoldMT'"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="font-family: 'Arial-BoldMT'"><span style="font-size: 12px">32-47-02. Exceptions to land possessor immunity.</span></span></span></span></strong></p><p><strong><span style="font-family: 'Arial-BoldMT'"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="font-family: 'Arial-BoldMT'"><span style="font-size: 12px"></span></span></span></span></strong><span style="font-family: 'ArialMT'"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="font-family: 'ArialMT'"><span style="font-size: 12px">1. a. Notwithstanding section 32-47-01, a possessor of land may be subject to liability</span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'ArialMT'"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="font-family: 'ArialMT'"><span style="font-size: 12px">for physical injury or death to a trespasser in the following situations:</span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'ArialMT'"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="font-family: 'ArialMT'"><span style="font-size: 12px">(1) A land possessor has a duty not to harm the trespasser in a willful and</span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'ArialMT'"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="font-family: 'ArialMT'"><span style="font-size: 12px">wanton manner, except as permitted under section 12.1-05-06, 12.1-05-07,</span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'ArialMT'"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="font-family: 'ArialMT'"><span style="font-size: 12px">12.1-05-07.1, or 12.1-05-07.2;</span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'ArialMT'"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="font-family: 'ArialMT'"><span style="font-size: 12px">(2) A land possessor that knows of the trespasser's presence on the premises</span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'ArialMT'"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="font-family: 'ArialMT'"><span style="font-size: 12px">has a duty to exercise ordinary care to avoid injuring that trespasser; and</span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'ArialMT'"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="font-family: 'ArialMT'"><span style="font-size: 12px">(3) A land possessor may be subject to liability for physical injury or death to a</span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'ArialMT'"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="font-family: 'ArialMT'"><span style="font-size: 12px">child trespasser resulting from an artificial condition on the land if:</span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'ArialMT'"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="font-family: 'ArialMT'"><span style="font-size: 12px">(a) The possessor knew or had reason to know that children were likely to</span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'ArialMT'"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="font-family: 'ArialMT'"><span style="font-size: 12px">trespass at the location of the condition;</span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'ArialMT'"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="font-family: 'ArialMT'"><span style="font-size: 12px">(b) The condition is one the possessor knew or reasonably should have</span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'ArialMT'"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="font-family: 'ArialMT'"><span style="font-size: 12px">known involved an unreasonable risk of death or serious bodily harm</span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'ArialMT'"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="font-family: 'ArialMT'"><span style="font-size: 12px">to children;</span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'ArialMT'"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="font-family: 'ArialMT'"><span style="font-size: 12px">(c) The injured child did not discover the condition or realize the risk</span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'ArialMT'"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="font-family: 'ArialMT'"><span style="font-size: 12px">involved in the condition or coming within the area made dangerous</span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'ArialMT'"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="font-family: 'ArialMT'"><span style="font-size: 12px">by it;</span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'ArialMT'"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="font-family: 'ArialMT'"><span style="font-size: 12px">(d) The utility to the possessor of maintaining the condition and the</span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'ArialMT'"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="font-family: 'ArialMT'"><span style="font-size: 12px">burden of eliminating the danger were slight as compared with the risk</span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'ArialMT'"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="font-family: 'ArialMT'"><span style="font-size: 12px">to the child involved; and</span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'ArialMT'"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="font-family: 'ArialMT'"><span style="font-size: 12px">(e) The land possessor failed to exercise reasonable care to eliminate the</span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'ArialMT'"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="font-family: 'ArialMT'"><span style="font-size: 12px">danger or otherwise protect the injured child.</span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'ArialMT'"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="font-family: 'ArialMT'"><span style="font-size: 12px">b. For purposes of this subsection, "artificial condition" means a structure or other</span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'ArialMT'"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="font-family: 'ArialMT'"><span style="font-size: 12px">manmade condition and does not include living animals.</span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'ArialMT'"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="font-family: 'ArialMT'"><span style="font-size: 12px">2. This section does not affect chapter 53-08.</span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'ArialMT'"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="font-family: 'ArialMT'"><span style="font-size: 12px">3. This section does not create or increase the liability of any person or entity</span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'ArialMT'"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="font-family: 'ArialMT'"><span style="font-size: 12px"></span></span></span></span></p></blockquote><p></p>

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